Bu makale, Bat\u0131 Karadeniz\u2019in \u00f6nemli liman il\u00e7elerinden biri olan Cide\u2019nin tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7teki toplumsal ve demografik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, Sel\u00e7uklu d\u00f6neminden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar uzanan bir perspektifle ele almaktad\u0131r. Antik\u00e7a\u011f kaynaklar\u0131ndan Osmanl\u0131 tahrir defterlerine, modern etnografik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan biyopolitik yakla\u015f\u0131mlara kadar geni\u015f bir kaynak yelpazesi kullan\u0131larak Cide\u2019nin boy, cemaat ve etnik\/toplumsal bile\u015fimi analiz edilmi\u015ftir. \u201cIrk\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131n tarihsel ge\u00e7ersizli\u011fi vurgulanarak, Osmanl\u0131 belgelerinde yer alan \u201cboy, oymak, cemaat\u201d gibi kavramlar \u00fczerinden b\u00f6lgenin kimlik haritas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kastamonu\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131 Cide il\u00e7esi, Karadeniz\u2019in kuzey k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan ve tarih boyunca stratejik bir liman olarak i\u015flev g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f bir yerle\u015fimdir. Antik\u00e7a\u011fda Paflagonya b\u00f6lgesinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan Cide, hem Helenistik-Roma hem de Bizans d\u00f6nemlerinde \u00f6nemli bir k\u00fclt\u00fcrel merkez olmu\u015ftur. Sel\u00e7uklu ve Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerinde ise Anadolu\u2019nun T\u00fcrkle\u015fme s\u00fcrecinde kritik bir ge\u00e7i\u015f noktas\u0131 olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n amac\u0131, Cide\u2019nin tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7teki boy ve topluluk yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, ar\u015fiv belgeleri ve tarihsel kaynaklar \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda incelemektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Antik ve Erken Orta \u00c7a\u011f D\u00f6nemi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Antik kaynaklarda Cide \u201cAycelos\u201d, liman\u0131 ise \u201cKiteros\u201d olarak ge\u00e7mektedir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Gideros ad\u0131yla bilinen bu liman, do\u011fal yap\u0131s\u0131 sayesinde tarih boyunca deniz ticaretinin merkezi olmu\u015ftur. Paflagonya k\u00fclt\u00fcrel co\u011frafyas\u0131 i\u00e7inde yer alan Cide, Roma d\u00f6neminde askeri ve ticari bir merkez olarak geli\u015fmi\u015f; Bizans d\u00f6neminde ise bu kimli\u011fini korumu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sel\u00e7uklu ve Beylikler D\u00f6nemi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n 1213 y\u0131l\u0131nda Anadolu Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131\u2019n\u0131n egemenli\u011fine giren Cide, bu d\u00f6nemde T\u00fcrkmen boylar\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015fimine a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sel\u00e7uklu sonras\u0131 beylikler d\u00f6neminde b\u00f6lge \u00f6nce \u00c7obano\u011fullar\u0131, ard\u0131ndan Candaro\u011fullar\u0131 (\u0130sfendiyaro\u011fullar\u0131) h\u00e2kimiyetine ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Her iki hanedan da O\u011fuz boylar\u0131na mensup konar-g\u00f6\u00e7er T\u00fcrkmen topluluklar\u0131n\u0131 yerle\u015fime te\u015fvik etmi\u015f, bu da b\u00f6lgenin etnik dokusunu \u015fekillendirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Osmanl\u0131 D\u00f6nemi ve Demografik Yap\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Fatih Sultan Mehmed\u2019in 1460 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kastamonu\u2019yu almas\u0131yla Cide Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1868 y\u0131l\u0131nda il\u00e7e stat\u00fcs\u00fc kazanan Cide, \u201cKaraa\u011fa\u00e7 \u0130skelesi\u201d ad\u0131yla bilinen liman\u0131 sayesinde tuz ve di\u011fer ticaret \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m merkezi haline gelmi\u015ftir. Bu ticari rol, b\u00f6lgeye k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli n\u00fcfus hareketleri getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Osmanl\u0131 tahrir defterleri ve konar-g\u00f6\u00e7er kay\u0131tlar\u0131, b\u00f6lgenin toplumsal bile\u015fimini anlamak i\u00e7in temel kaynaklard\u0131r. Prof. Dr. Yusuf Hala\u00e7o\u011flu\u2019nun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, 1453\u20131650 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Kastamonu ve \u00e7evresindeki O\u011fuz boylar\u0131na mensup topluluklar\u0131n adlar\u0131n\u0131 vermektedir. Cide\u2019ye kom\u015fu kazalarda Kay\u0131, Bayat, K\u0131n\u0131k, \u00c7epni gibi boy adlar\u0131 s\u0131k\u00e7a ge\u00e7mektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Boy, Cemaat ve Etnik Kimlik<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Osmanl\u0131 belgelerinde \u201c\u0131rk\u201d kavram\u0131 yer almaz; bunun yerine din\u00ee stat\u00fc, yerle\u015fim tarz\u0131 (konar-g\u00f6\u00e7er\/yerle\u015fik) ve a\u015firet\/oymak adlar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda Cide\u2019nin demografik yap\u0131s\u0131 esasen O\u011fuz\/T\u00fcrkmen k\u00f6kenli boylardan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. 19.\u201320. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131nda vilayet genelindeki gayrim\u00fcslim n\u00fcfus (Rum, Ermeni) %1\u2019in alt\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ka\u015fgarl\u0131 Mahmud\u2019un Div\u00e2nu Lug\u00e2ti\u2019t-T\u00fcrk ve Re\u015f\u00eed\u00fcddin\u2019in C\u00e2mi\u02bfu\u2019t-Tev\u00e2r\u00eeh eserlerinde O\u011fuzlar 24 boy olarak listelenmi\u015ftir. Bu boylar, Anadolu\u2019ya gelen T\u00fcrkmen topluluklar\u0131n\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturur. Cide\u2019deki yerle\u015fimlerin \u00e7o\u011fu bu boylara mensup cemaatler taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Cide\u2019nin tarihsel kimli\u011fi, yaln\u0131zca siyasi egemenliklerle de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda topluluklar\u0131n yerle\u015fim bi\u00e7imleriyle \u015fekillenmi\u015ftir. Osmanl\u0131 belgelerinde \u201c\u0131rk\u201d yerine kullan\u0131lan boy ve cemaat kavramlar\u0131, b\u00f6lgenin etnik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 anlamada daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir y\u00f6ntem sunar. Kastamonu sanca\u011f\u0131na ait tahrir defterlerinin detayl\u0131 incelenmesi, Cide\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131 nahiyelerdeki topluluklar\u0131n izini s\u00fcrmek a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Cide, Sel\u00e7uklu d\u00f6neminden itibaren T\u00fcrkmen\/O\u011fuz yerle\u015fiminin yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu bir Karadeniz liman il\u00e7esi olarak geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde bu yap\u0131, tahrir defterlerinde kay\u0131tl\u0131 oymak ve cemaatler \u00fczerinden izlenebilir. 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131na gelindi\u011finde ise b\u00f6lgenin demografisi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde T\u00fcrk\/M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfustan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, antik d\u00f6nemden Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya uzanan kaynaklar\u0131 sentezleyerek Cide\u2019nin boylar ve topluluklar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tarihsel seyrini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kaynaklar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu makale, Bat\u0131 Karadeniz\u2019in \u00f6nemli liman il\u00e7elerinden biri olan Cide\u2019nin tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7teki toplumsal ve demografik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, Sel\u00e7uklu d\u00f6neminden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar uzanan bir perspektifle ele almaktad\u0131r. Antik\u00e7a\u011f kaynaklar\u0131ndan Osmanl\u0131 tahrir defterlerine, modern etnografik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan biyopolitik yakla\u015f\u0131mlara kadar geni\u015f bir kaynak yelpazesi kullan\u0131larak Cide\u2019nin boy, cemaat ve etnik\/toplumsal bile\u015fimi analiz edilmi\u015ftir. \u201cIrk\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131n tarihsel ge\u00e7ersizli\u011fi vurgulanarak, Osmanl\u0131…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10275,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[68,32,70,63,71,48,69,67],"class_list":["post-10270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarih-arsivi","tag-boylar","tag-cide","tag-etnik","tag-kastamonu","tag-koken","tag-osmanli","tag-selcuklu","tag-turk"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10270","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10270"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10270\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10277,"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10270\/revisions\/10277"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10275"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10270"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10270"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10270"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}D\u00f6nem<\/th> Hakim G\u00fc\u00e7<\/th> Boy\/A\u015firet Kimli\u011fi<\/th> Gayrim\u00fcslim Unsur<\/th><\/tr><\/thead> 1213\u20131300<\/td> Anadolu Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131<\/td> O\u011fuz-T\u00fcrkmen (yerle\u015fik ve konar-g\u00f6\u00e7er)<\/td> Az<\/td><\/tr> 1300\u20131460<\/td> \u00c7obano\u011fullar\u0131 & Candaro\u011fullar\u0131<\/td> Kay\u0131, Bayat, K\u0131n\u0131k, \u00c7epni vb. O\u011fuz boylar\u0131<\/td> Az<\/td><\/tr> 1460\u20131922<\/td> Osmanl\u0131<\/td> O\u011fuz-T\u00fcrkmen cemaatleri + Y\u00f6r\u00fckler<\/td> Rum ve Ermeni az\u0131nl\u0131k (<%1)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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