{"id":10246,"date":"2025-09-14T07:51:24","date_gmt":"2025-09-14T07:51:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/?p=10246"},"modified":"2025-09-14T07:52:53","modified_gmt":"2025-09-14T07:52:53","slug":"osmanli-doneminde-kastamonuda-at-yetistiriciligi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/osmanli-doneminde-kastamonuda-at-yetistiriciligi\/","title":{"rendered":"Osmanl\u0131 D\u00f6neminde Kastamonu\u2019da At Yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Osmanl\u0131\u2019da hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar \u00e7o\u011funlukla merkezi haralar (Karacabey, \u00c7ifteler) \u00fczerinde yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Barkan, 1943; \u0130nalc\u0131k, 1996). Kastamonu \u00f6zelinde ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar daha \u00e7ok tahrir defterleri, menzil kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgesel tarih \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na dayanmaktad\u0131r (\u00d6z, 2005; Faroqhi, 1993). Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, mevcut literat\u00fcrde eksik kalan <strong>b\u00f6lgesel \u00fcretim a\u011f\u0131<\/strong> meselesine odaklanarak Kastamonu\u2019daki at yeti\u015ftiricili\u011finin \u00f6zg\u00fcn y\u00f6nlerini ortaya koymay\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Metodoloji<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu tez, tarihsel bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmad\u0131r. Ba\u015fl\u0131ca kaynaklar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Osmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fivi\u2019nde bulunan <strong>M\u00fchimme Defterleri<\/strong> ve <strong>yoklama kay\u0131tlar\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u0131mar tevcih defterleri<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Menzil te\u015fkilat\u0131 belgeleri<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yerel tarih ve halk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<br>Bulgular, tarihsel-analitik y\u00f6ntemle yorumlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co\u011frafi ve Ekolojik Ko\u015fullar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kastamonu\u2019nun da\u011fl\u0131k yap\u0131s\u0131 (Ilgaz, K\u00fcre), vadi ve platolar\u0131 (Daday, Ara\u00e7, Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc, Devrek\u00e2ni) ve \u0130nebolu liman\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131, at yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fini destekleyen \u00fc\u00e7 temel unsur olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Yaylalar yazl\u0131k otlak imk\u00e2n\u0131 sunmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vadiler k\u0131\u015flak olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Deniz\u2013i\u00e7 hat entegrasyonu, hayvan naklini ve ticaretini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"767\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"10249\" src=\"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1000029423-767x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10249\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1000029423-767x1024.jpg 767w, https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1000029423-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1000029423-768x1026.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1000029423.jpg 1079w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 767px) 100vw, 767px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Osmanl\u0131 \u0130daresinde Kastamonu ve T\u0131mar Sistemi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kastamonu sanca\u011f\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 asker\u00ee-idar\u00ee d\u00fczeninde t\u0131mar sahiplerinin sipahi atlar\u0131n\u0131 yeti\u015ftirmesiyle \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u0131mar d\u00fczeni, yaln\u0131zca vergi toplama de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda <strong>sava\u015f at\u0131 yeti\u015ftirme ve haz\u0131r bulundurma<\/strong> g\u00f6revini de i\u00e7ermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u0131mar D\u00fczeni ve Sipahi Atlar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Osmanl\u0131\u2019da t\u0131mar sistemi, devletin asker\u00ee ve mali yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ayn\u0131 anda d\u00fczenleyen bir kurumdu. T\u0131mar sahipleri (sipahiler), devletten do\u011frudan maa\u015f almazlard\u0131; bunun yerine kendilerine tahsis edilen gelir kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 (t\u0131mar, zeamet veya has) i\u015fletirlerdi. Bu gelir, sipahinin hem kendi ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flamas\u0131na hem de <strong>atl\u0131 asker (cebel\u00fc) beslemesine<\/strong> imk\u00e2n tan\u0131rd\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Osmanl\u0131 ordusu, bar\u0131\u015f zaman\u0131nda devlet b\u00fct\u00e7esine y\u00fck olmadan atl\u0131 asker g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc haz\u0131r tutard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Kastamonu Sanca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Konumu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kastamonu, kuzeybat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019da stratejik bir noktada yer al\u0131yordu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bat\u0131da Bolu ve Karadeniz ge\u00e7itleri<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Do\u011fuda \u00c7orum ve Amasya\u2019ya a\u00e7\u0131lan yollar<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kuzeyde \u0130nebolu Liman\u0131<\/strong> ve orman\u2013maden zenginlikleri,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>G\u00fcneyde \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131\u2013Ankara hatt\u0131<\/strong> ile \u0130stanbul ve Anadolu i\u00e7lerine ba\u011flant\u0131\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu co\u011frafi konum, Kastamonu\u2019daki t\u0131marlar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca mali gelir de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda <strong>asker\u00ee lojistik merkez<\/strong> i\u015flevi g\u00f6rmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"731\" src=\"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1000029425-1024x731.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10251\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1000029425-1024x731.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1000029425-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1000029425-768x548.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1000029425.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Sipahi Atlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6nemi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u0131mar sisteminde sipahi, sefere \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda <strong>en az bir sava\u015f at\u0131yla<\/strong> haz\u0131r bulunmak zorundayd\u0131. Kastamonu sanca\u011f\u0131ndaki sipahiler i\u00e7in bu y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck birka\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yordu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Co\u011frafi uygunluk:<\/strong> Daday, Ara\u00e7 ve Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc gibi b\u00f6lgelerde geni\u015f mer\u2019alar, sipahilerin kendi atlar\u0131n\u0131 yeti\u015ftirmesine elveri\u015fliydi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cebel\u00fc besleme:<\/strong> Gelir durumuna g\u00f6re her sipahi yan\u0131nda belirli say\u0131da atl\u0131 asker (cebel\u00fc) getirmek zorundayd\u0131. Bu da Kastamonu\u2019daki k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin ve hayvan yeti\u015ftiricilerinin asker\u00ee sisteme dolayl\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yordu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Haz\u0131r bulundurma zorunlulu\u011fu:<\/strong> Defter kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda sipahilerin sefere \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u201c<strong>haz\u0131r at\u0131yla<\/strong>\u201d \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 \u015fart ko\u015fulmu\u015ftur. At\u0131n yoklu\u011fu, sipahinin y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yerine getirmedi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir ve cezai yapt\u0131r\u0131mlara sebep olabilirdi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. T\u0131mar\u0131n At Yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi \u00dczerindeki Etkisi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sava\u015f at\u0131 standard\u0131:<\/strong> T\u0131mar sahiplerinin atlar\u0131, yaln\u0131zca binek de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda <strong>sava\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131na dayan\u0131kl\u0131<\/strong> olmak zorundayd\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Yem ve bak\u0131m y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc:<\/strong> Sipahiler, atlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131\u015fl\u0131k yemli\u011fini kendi gelirlerinden kar\u015f\u0131lar; devlet ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc durumlarda yem vergisi talep ederdi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Yerel pazarlar:<\/strong> Sipahiler ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131 atlar\u0131 b\u00f6lgesel panay\u0131rlardan veya k\u00f6yl\u00fclerden temin eder, bu da Kastamonu\u2019da <strong>at ticaretini canland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Osmanl\u0131 Seferlerinde Kastamonu Sipahileri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ar\u015fiv kay\u0131tlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u00f6zellikle <strong>Do\u011fu seferlerinde<\/strong> (Safev\u00ee sava\u015flar\u0131) ve <strong>Karadeniz kuzeyi harek\u00e2tlar\u0131nda<\/strong>, Kastamonu sipahileri \u00f6nemli bir rol \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu sancaktan gelen atl\u0131lar\u0131n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Dayan\u0131kl\u0131, uzun yol ko\u015fullar\u0131na al\u0131\u015fk\u0131n<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>K\u0131sa mesafelerde h\u0131zl\u0131 hareket kabiliyetine sahip<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Araziye uyumlu<\/strong> olmalar\u0131, seferlerde avantaj sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Denetim ve Yoklama<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Devlet, Kastamonu sipahilerini d\u00fczenli yoklamalarla denetlemi\u015ftir. M\u00fchimme defterlerinde s\u0131k\u00e7a rastlanan ifadelerden biri \u015fudur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cSipahi haz\u0131r olub, at\u0131yla cebel\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6t\u00fcre.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu t\u00fcr kay\u0131tlar, sipahinin yaln\u0131zca \u015fahs\u00ee varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fil <strong>at\u0131n\u0131n niteli\u011finin<\/strong> de denetime tabi oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. At\u0131 olmayan sipahinin t\u0131mar\u0131 elinden al\u0131nabiliyor, ba\u015fka birine tevcih edilebiliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. Kastamonu\u2019nun Farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Merkez\u00ee hara de\u011fil, yerel \u00fcretim a\u011f\u0131:<\/strong> Karacabey gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck hara b\u00f6lgeleri do\u011frudan devlet kontrol\u00fcndeyken, Kastamonu\u2019da \u00fcretim daha \u00e7ok sipahi ve k\u00f6yl\u00fc eliyle, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli ama yayg\u0131n bir sistemde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kat\u0131r ve y\u00fck hayvan\u0131 katk\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> Sipahilerin yan\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan y\u00fck hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da Kastamonu\u2019dan sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu, sanca\u011f\u0131n sadece sava\u015f at\u0131 de\u011fil <strong>lojistik hayvan\u0131<\/strong> da sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kastamonu sanca\u011f\u0131nda t\u0131mar sahipleri, yaln\u0131zca vergi toplamakla de\u011fil, <strong>sava\u015fta kullan\u0131lacak atlar\u0131 yeti\u015ftirip haz\u0131r bulundurmakla<\/strong> da y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcyd\u00fc. Bu durum hem Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun at ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131, hem de b\u00f6lge ekonomisini at yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale getirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Devlet Denetimi ve Menzil Te\u015fkilat\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kastamonu, \u0130nebolu-Kastamonu-\u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131-Ankara hatt\u0131 \u00fczerinde bulundu\u011fundan posta te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n kilit noktas\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Bu nedenle:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Posta ve yol at\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131 s\u00fcreklidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Devlet narh ve yoklama yoluyla at \u00fcretimini denetlemi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hallerde yem ve at tedariki zorunlu tutulmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">At Tipleri ve Kat\u0131r \u00dcretimi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kastamonu atlar\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Orta boylu, sa\u011flam, dayan\u0131kl\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hafif s\u00fcvariye ve y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na uygun<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kat\u0131r \u00fcretimi \u00f6zellikle orman ve maden ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kritik<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bak\u0131m, Besleme ve Antrenman<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Yaz aylar\u0131nda serbest otlatma, k\u0131\u015f\u0131n arpa, yulaf ve saman<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ah\u0131rlarda hijyen ve hava ak\u0131m\u0131 kontrol\u00fc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u0131mar ve nal uygulamalar\u0131 d\u00fczenli yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Y\u00fck ve menzil atlar\u0131na kondisyon i\u00e7in \u00f6zel antrenman uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ekonomi ve Vergi D\u00fczeni<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kastamonu at yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi, yaln\u0131zca yerel ihtiya\u00e7lara de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda ticari dola\u015f\u0131ma da hizmet etmi\u015ftir. Panay\u0131rlarda sat\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, menzil te\u015fkilat\u0131 d\u00fczenli al\u0131mlar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Vergi y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri \u00fcreticiler i\u00e7in zorluk yaratsa da menzil ve derbent hizmeti g\u00f6ren k\u00f6yler muafiyetlerle desteklenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Boyut<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Candaro\u011fullar\u0131 miras\u0131 at\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemine ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnlerde atl\u0131 kortej, cirit oyunlar\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri\u015fli eyer\u2013ko\u015fum gelene\u011fi yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sara\u00e7, semerci, nalbant esnaf\u0131 bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc destekleyen unsurlard\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">18.\u201319. Y\u00fczy\u0131llarda De\u011fi\u015fim<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Merkez\u00ee hara sisteminin geli\u015fmesi, Kastamonu\u2019daki \u00fcretimi standartla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130nebolu liman\u0131 \u00fczerinden artan ticaret kat\u0131r \u00fcretimini \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Baytarl\u0131k bilgisinin geli\u015fmesiyle hastal\u0131klarla m\u00fccadele ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bulgular ve Tart\u0131\u015fma<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00f6stermektedir ki Kastamonu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>B\u00fcy\u00fck haralar d\u00fczeyinde dam\u0131zl\u0131k \u00fcretim merkezi de\u011fildir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ancak yol ve y\u00fck hayvan\u0131 \u00fcretiminde <strong>istikrarl\u0131 ve vazge\u00e7ilmez bir kaynak<\/strong>t\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Osmanl\u0131 lojisti\u011finde \u201csessiz omurga\u201d i\u015flevi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kastamonu, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n asker\u00ee ve ekonomik yap\u0131s\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle menzil te\u015fkilat\u0131 ve ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamada \u00f6nemli bir at yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi merkezi olmu\u015ftur. Dayan\u0131kl\u0131 ve uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc at\u2013kat\u0131r tipleriyle Osmanl\u0131 lojisti\u011fini ayakta tutan \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6lgesel akt\u00f6r olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kaynak\u00e7a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>BOA, M\u00fchimme Defterleri, \u00e7e\u015fitli tarihler.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Barkan, \u00d6. L\u00fctfi. <em>Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda Zirai Ekonominin Hukuk\u00ee ve Mal\u00ee Esaslar\u0131<\/em>. \u0130stanbul, 1943.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Faroqhi, Suraiya. <em>Osmanl\u0131\u2019da Kentler ve Kentliler<\/em>. \u0130stanbul, 1993.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0130nalc\u0131k, Halil. <em>Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu \u2013 Toplum ve Ekonomi<\/em>. \u0130stanbul, 1996.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00d6z, Mehmet. <em>Osmanl\u0131\u2019da Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k ve Ticaret<\/em>. Ankara, 2005.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Y\u00fccel, Ya\u015far. <em>Anadolu Beylikleri ve Akkoyunlu, Karakoyunlu Tarihi<\/em>. Ankara, 1988.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Osmanl\u0131\u2019da hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar \u00e7o\u011funlukla merkezi haralar (Karacabey, \u00c7ifteler) \u00fczerinde yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Barkan, 1943; \u0130nalc\u0131k, 1996). Kastamonu \u00f6zelinde ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar daha \u00e7ok tahrir defterleri, menzil kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgesel tarih \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na dayanmaktad\u0131r (\u00d6z, 2005; Faroqhi, 1993). Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, mevcut literat\u00fcrde eksik kalan b\u00f6lgesel \u00fcretim a\u011f\u0131 meselesine odaklanarak Kastamonu\u2019daki at yeti\u015ftiricili\u011finin \u00f6zg\u00fcn y\u00f6nlerini ortaya koymay\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r. Metodoloji Bu&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10247,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[57,61,63,58,62,48,59,60],"class_list":["post-10246","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarih-arsivi","tag-at","tag-ciftlik","tag-kastamonu","tag-katir","tag-makale","tag-osmanli","tag-suvari","tag-yetistirme"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10246","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10246"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10246\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10253,"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10246\/revisions\/10253"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10247"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10246"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10246"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cidetr.com\/forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10246"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}